Hepatic candidiasis in a kidney transplant recipient treated successfully with amphotericin B and itraconazole.

The incidence of hepatic candidiasis is difficult to estimate because of diagnostic difficulties. Its frequency was 7% in a study of 562 adult patients with leukaemia [1]. Hepatic candidiasis (HC), also referred to as chronic disseminated candidiasis, hepatosplenic candidiasis and granulomatous hepatic candidiasis, affects almost exclusively patients undergoing remission induction chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation for acute leukaemia [2]. It occurs on recovery following prolonged episodes of bone marrow dysfunction and neutropenia [1]. The liver, spleen and sometimes the kidneys are infected with Candida. Occasionally, patients with other types of immunosuppression (aplastic anaemia, lymphoma, sarcoma or liver transplantation) may develop hepatosplenic candidiasis [3]. This is the first reported case of HC in a kidney transplant recipient.